Population genomics and cyberbiosecurity

Abstract

The rapid advance of large-scale population genomics, driven by the declining costs of next-generation sequencing (NGS), has laid the groundwork for modern personalized medicine while simultaneously introducing profound biosecurity challenges. This article examines the emerging threats at the intersection of population genomics, synthetic biology, and artificial intelligence (AI). Broad access to massive genomic datasets (Big Data) in digital clouds allows for the identification of population-specific genetic variants (SNPs, CNVs, HLA) associated with differential molecular susceptibility to biological agents. Combined with generative biological models and commercial DNA synthesis, these digital assets create theoretical frameworks for targeting specific molecular profiles, including the use of selectively designed pathogens or siRNA-mediated gene silencing. The author highlights critical loopholes in the international disarmament frame work—specifically the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), which fails to regulate digital sequence information—and emphasizes the necessity of developing cyberbiosecurity. In the context of national policy, the paper stresses the absence of statutory regulations in Poland (“genetic law”), risks associated with offshore commercial platforms (e.g., DTC and NIFTY+ testing), and the urgent need to establish state-supported, secure high-throughput sequencing centers to safe
guard national genomic sovereignty.